Iraq Appendix
Iraq Country Studies index

Iraq - Appendix

Appendix a. tables

1 From October 17, 1987, census; remaining figures are estimates.
2 See Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Joint Publications Research Service, Daily Report: Near East and South Asia, October 20, 1987, 22, and October 21, 1987, 25.

 

Table 3. Area and Population Density, 1987

Administrative Division Land Area (in square kilometers)1 Population (in thousands) Density (persons per square kilometer
Governorate
Al Anbar 137,723 818 5.9
Al Basrah 19,070 872 45.7
Al Muthanna 51,029 313 6.1
Al Qadisiyah 8,507 561 65.9
An Najaf 27,844 723 26.0
At Tamim 10,391 593 57.1
Babylon 5,258 1,1092 210.9
Baghdad 5,159 3,8452 745.3
Dhi Qar 13,626 918 67.4
Diyala 19,292 900 46.7
Karbala 5,034 456 90.6
Maysan 14,103 500 35.5
Nineveh 37,698 1,5072 40.0
Salah ad Din 29,004 724 25.0
Wasit 17,308 460 26.6
Autonomous Region3
As Sulaymaniyah 15,756 943 59.9
Dahuk 6,120 293 47.9
Irbil 14,471 743 51.3
TOTAL 437,393 16,2782 37.2

1 From Annual Abstract of Statistics, 1985.
2 From October 17, 1987, census; remaining figures are estimates.
3 See Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Iraq, Ministry of Planning, Central Statistical Organization, Annual Abstract of Statistics, 1985, Baghdad, n.d., 10; and Joint Publications Research Service, Daily Report: Near East and South Asia, October 20, 1987, 22 and October 21, 1987, 25.

 

Table 4. Teachers, Students, and Schools
School Years 1976-77 to 1985-86, Selected Years

Level Number of Teachers Number of Students   Total Students Number of Schools
    Male Female
Kindergarten
1976-77 2,291 24,223 27,617 51,840 276
1979-80 3,079 33,156 47,262 80,418 358
1982-83 4,175 38,137 41,319 79,456 507
1985-86 4,657 38,604 42,827 81,431 584
Primary
1976-77 70,799 687,220 1,259,962 1,947,182 8,156
1979-80 92,644 1,174,866 1,434,067 2,608,933 11,316
1982-83 107,364 1,214,410 1,400,517 2,614,927 10,223
1985-86 118,492 1,258,434 1,554,082 2,812,516 8,127
Secondary
1976-77 19,471 164,442 387,600 552,042 1,319
1979-80 28,002 271,112 626,588 897,700 1,774
1982-83 32,556 334,897 636,930 971,827 1,977
1985-86 35,051 371,214 660,346 1,031,560 2,238
Vocational1
1976-77 1,906 n.a. n.a. 28,365 82
1979-80 3,928 n.a. n.a. 4,026 126
1982-83 4,733 n.a. n.a. 61,383 157
1985-86 6,405 31,252 88,838 120,090 237
Teacher Training Schools2
1977-78 666 12,685 4,652 17,337 32
1982-83 1,022 15,936 10,255 26,191 36
1985-86 209 3,355 2,928 6,283 7
Teacher Training Institutes3
1977-78 241 3,233 3,019 6,252 13
1982-83 219 3,286 3,197 6,483 7  
1985-86 1,202 16,820 11,083 27,903 37
University, College, or Technical Institutes4
1976-77 4,008 24,584 56,914 81,498 9
1979-80 5,680 9,298 21,884 31,182 9
1982-83 6,674 10,536 23,626 34,162 9
1985-86 7,616 17,015 36,022 53,037 9

1 Includes commercial, technical, and agricultural schools.
2 A three-year course for those who had completed intermediate studies.
3 A two-year course for secondary school graduates.
4 Includes Iraqi, other Arab, and foreign faculty and students at University of Baghdad, University of Basra, Foundation of Technical Institutes, University of Mosul, University of Al Mustansiriyah, University of Salah ad Din, University of Technology, and the religious colleges affiliated with the University of Baghdad and the University of Al Mustansiriyah.

Source: Based on information from Iraq, Ministry of Planning, Central Statistical Organization, Annual Abstract of Statistics, 1985, Baghdad, n.d., 203-33.

 

Table 5. Medical Personnel and Facilities, 1985

Administrative Division Estimated Population (in thousands)1 Hospitals Hospital Beds Doctors Paramedics
Governorate
Al Anbar 818 11 825 206 523
Al Basrah 872 14 2,212 399 1,562
Al Muthanna 313 5 499 499 307
Al Qadisiyah 561 11 749 163 435
An Najaf 723 8 1,355 207 581
At Tamim 593 8 869 146 488
Babylon 1,1092 7 859 203 623
Baghdad 3,8452 41 10,006 2,145 4,535
Dhi Qar 918 15 1,102 160 600
Diyala 900 10 836 148 454
Karbala 456 4 488 118 287
Maysan 500 10 956 126 546
Nineveh 1,5072 21 2,223 498 1,011
Salah ad Din 724 6 775 125 403
Wasit 460 10 590 137 506
Autonomous Region3
As Sulaymaniyah 943 11 1,187 124 630
Dahuk 293 7 490 124 344
Irbil 743 17 1,684 196 848
TOTAL 16,278 216 27,705 5,724 14,683

1 For 1987.
2 From October 17, 1987, census.
3 See Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Iraq, Ministry of Planning, Central Statistical Organization, Annual Abstract of Statistics, 1985, Baghdad, n.d., 192-96; and Joint Publications Research Service, Daily Report: Near East and South Asia, October 20, 1987, 22 and October 21, 1987, 25.

 

Table 6. Crude Oil Production and Oil Revenues, 1982-87

  1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987
Production (in thousands of barrels per day) 972 922 1,203 1,437 1,746 2,076
Revenue (in millions of United States dollars) $10,250* $9,650* $10,000* $11,900* $6,813* $11,300*

*Estimated.

Source: Based on information from Central Intelligence Agency, Directorate of Intelligence, Economic and Energy Indicators, June 3, 1988, 9, and The Middle East and North Africa, 1989, London: Europa, 1988, 475.

 

Table 7. Production and Area of Major Crops, Selected Years, 1981-85

  Production (in thousands of tons)     Cultivated Area (in thousands of hectares)
Crop 1981 1983 1985 1981 1983 1985
Wheat 902 841 1,406 484.7 512.6 626.6
Barley 925 835 1,331 419.5 556.6 579.5
Rice 162 111 149 22.9 22.7 24.5
Cotton 13 12 7 4.5 5.5 4.3
Tobacco 12 14 17 4.8 5.8 6.6
Tomatoes 425 439 612 16.4 14.9 19.1
Eggplant 83 112 232 3.0 3.8 5.6
Watermelon 491 583 757 17.1 18.8 21.9

Source: Based on information from Iraq, Ministry of Planning, Central Statistical Organization, Annual Abstract of Statistics, 1985, Baghdad, n.d., 59-64.

 

Table 8. Principal Exports and Imports, 1984

Exports (in millions of Iraqi dinars*)   Imports (in millions of Iraqi dinars*)
Oil, gas and related products 7,028 Machinery, including aircraft 65,067
Foodstuffs 681 Manufactured goods 48,786
Raw materials (including fertilizers, cement) 287 Foodstuffs 43,828
Manufactured goods 241 Chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and explosives 17,225
Heating, medical equipment, furniture, and clothes 10,285
Other items 36 Other items 10,653
TOTAL 8,273   195,844

* For value of the Iraqi dinar--see Glossary.

Source: Based on information from Iraq, Ministry of Planning, Central Statistical Organization, Annual Abstract of Statistics, 1985, Baghdad, n.d., 164.

 

Table 9. Direction of Trade, 1985- 1986

(in percentages)
Country 1985 1986
Exports
Brazil 17.7 n.a.
Britain n.a. 1.2
France 13.0 7.0
Italy 11.0 8.1
Japan 6.0 10.5
Spain 10.7 n.a.
Turkey 8.1 8.1
United States 4.7 5.8
West Germany n.a. 10.5
Yugoslavia 8.0 8.1
Imports
Brazil 7.0 n.a.
Britain 6.3 8.0
France 7.5 6.8
Italy 7.6 8.0
Japan 14.4 14.8
Kuwait 4.2 n.a.
Turkey 8.2 9.0
United States n.a. 5.7
West Germany 9.2 8.0
Yugoslavia n.a. 4.5

n.a. -- not available.

Source: Based on information from the International Monetary Fund, Direction of Trade Statistics, cited in the Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Iraq, No. 1, 1987, 2 and No. 1, 1988, 2.

 

Table 10. Armed Forces Manpower, 1977- 87

  1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987
Armed Forces
Army 160,000 190,000 210,0001 475,0001 475,0001 475,000
Navy 3,000 4,000 4,2501 4,2501 5,0001 5,0001
Air Force 15,000 18,000 28,0001 28,0001 30,0001 30,000
Air Defense 10,000 10,000 10,0001 10,0001 10,0001 10,000
TOTAL 188,000 222,000 252,2501 517,2501,2 520,0001 520,000
Reserves 250,000 250,000 250,000 75,000 75,000 480,000
Paramilitary
People's Army 50,000 75,000 250,0003 250,000 450,000 650,000
Security Forces 4,800 4,800 4,800 4,800 4,800 4,800
Frontier Guard - - - n.a. n.a. n.a.

n.a. --not available.
1 Losses make estimates tentative
2 In addition, 10,000 armed forces personnel from Egypt, Jordan, and Sudan served in Iraq.
3 75,000 of these mobilized.

 

Table 11. Major Army Equipment, 1987

*
Type Designation Inventory
Armored fighting vehicles
Heavy and medium tanks T-54, T-55, T- 62, T-72 2,790
  T-59, T-69 II 1,500
  Chieftain Mark 3\5, M-60, M- 47 150
  M-77 60
Light tanks PT-76 100
TOTAL   4,600
Armored vehicles
Mechanized infantry combat vehicles BMP 1,000
Reconnaissance vehicles BRDM-2, FUG- 70, ERC-90, MOWAG Roland, EE-9 Cascavel, EE-3 Jararaca
Armored personnel carriers BTR-50, BTR-60, BTR-152, OT-62, OT-64, VC-TH (with HOT antitank guided weapons), M-113A1, Panhard M-3, EE-11 Urutu
TOTAL   4,000
Artillery Guns 122mm: D-74;
  130mm: M-46, Type 59-1;
  155mm: GCT self-propelled. 5
Guns\howitzers 152mm: M- 1937;
  155mm: G-5, 40
  GHN-45 40
Howitzers 105mm: M-56 pack;
  122mm: D-30 towed, M-1938,
  M-1974 (2S1);
  152mm: M-1943, M-1973 (2S3) self- propelled;
155mm: M-114 M-109 self- propelled
TOTAL   3,000
Multiple rocket launchers Includes 122mm: BM-21 n.a.
  127mm: ASTROS II 60
  132mm: BM-13, BM-16 n.a.
TOTAL   200
Surface-to-surface missiles FROG- 7 30
  Scud-B 20
TOTAL   50
Mortars 81mm; 120mm; 160mm n.a.
Antitank weapons
Recoilless rifles 73mm: SPG- 9
  82mm: B-10
  107mm n.a.
Guns 85mm; 100mm towed; 105mm: JPz 100
  SK-105 self-propelled n.a.
Antitank guided weapons AT-3 Sagger (including BRDM-2) n.a.
  AT-4 Spigot (reported), SS-11, Milan, HOT n.a.
Army Air Corps,
armed helicopters
Attack helicopters Mil Mi24 Hind, with AT-2 Swatter 40
  SA-342 Gazelle (some with HOT) 50
  SA-321 Super Frelon (some with Exocet AM-38 ASM) 10
  SA-316B Alouette III, with AS-12 ASM 30
  BO-105, with AS-11 antitank guided weapons 56
  Hughes-530F 26
  Hughes-500D 30
  Hughes-300C 30
TOTAL   272
Transport helicopters
Heavy Mi-6 Hook 10
Medium Mi-8 100
Light Mi-4 20
  SA-330 Puma 10
TOTAL   140
Air defense weapons
Guns 23mm: ZSU-23-4 self-propelled; 37mm: M-1939 and twin; 57mm: includes ZSU-57-2 self-propelled; 85mm; 100mm; 130mm
TOTAL   4,000
Surface-to-air missiles SA-2 120
  SA-3, SA-6, SA-7, SA-9 150
  Roland 60
TOTAL   300

n.a. --not available.
* Equipment estimates are tentative because of wartime losses.

Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1987-1988. London, 1987, 100.

 

Table 12. Major Navy Equipment, 1987

Type and Description Inventory
Frigates 5
4 Lupo class with 8 Otomat-2 SSM, 1 X 8
Albatros/Aspide SAM, 1 helicopter (held in Italy)
1 Yug (training vessel)
Corvettes 6
Assad class, all with 1 X 4
Albatros/Aspide SAMs:
2 with 2 Otomat-2 SSMs, 1 helicopter;
4 with 6 Otomat-2 SSMs;
completed (all 6 held in Italy)
Fast-attack craft (missiles) OSA class, each with 4 Styx SSMs (6 of model II, 2 of model I), 8
Fast-attack craft (torpedoes) 4
P-6 (may not be operable)
Large patrol craft: SO-1 3
Coastal patrol craft: Zhuk (under 100 tons) 5
Minesweepers 8
2 Soviet T-43 (ocean);
3 Yevgenya (ocean); and
3 Nestin (inshore/river)
Amphibious 6
3 Polnocny (LSM1)
3 modern cargo (LST2)
Support ships 5
1 Stromboli class
2 Poluchat torpedo support;
1 Agnadeen tanker; and 1 Transport

1 Landing ship, medium.
2 Landing ship tank.

Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1987-1988, London, 1987, 100.

 

Table 13. Major Air Force Equipment, 1987

Type Designation Inventory
Bombers Tu-16 8
  Tu-22 7
Fighters MiG-29 28
  MiG-23BM 40
  Mirage F-1C 40
  Mirage F-1EQ5 (Exocet- equipped) 20
  Mirage F-1EQ-200 23
  F-7 (Chinese version of MiG-21 assembled in Egypt) 70
  Su-7; Su-20 (Su-25 reported) n.a.
Interceptors MiG-25 25
  MiG-21 200
  MiG-19 40
  Mirage F-1EQ 30
Reconnaissance MiG-25 5
Transport aircraft An-2 Colt 10
  An-12 Cub 10
  An-24 Coke (retiring) 6
  An-26 Curl 2
  Il-76 Candid 19
  Il-14 Crate 19
  DH Heron 1
Trainers MiG-15, MiG-21, MiG-23U, Su- 7U n.a.
  Mirage F-1BQ 16
  L-29 Delfin 50
  L-39 Albatros 40
  PC-7 Turbo Trainer 50
  EMB-312 Tucano 21
Air-to-air missiles R-530 n.a.
  R-550 Magic n.a.
  AA-2, AA-6, AA-7, AA-8 n.a.
Air-to-surface missiles AS-30 Laser 200
  Armat n.a.
  Exocet AM-39 542
  AS-4 Kitchen n.a.
  AS-5 Kelt n.a.

n.a. --not available.

Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1987-1988, London: 1987, 100-1; The Military Balance, 1986-1987, London: 1986, 98; Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, World Armaments and Disarmament, SIPRI Yearbook 1987. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987, 250-53.
 
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