Turkey - Appendix. Tables
12.NRP--National Reliance Party.
4.Süleyman III in some sources.
Table 13. Major Army Equipment, 1994 Type and Description | Country of Origin | In Inventory | Tanks | | | Leopard | Germany | 397 | M-48 | United States | 3,004 | M-60 | -do- | 932 | Armored vehicles | | | Infantry fighting vehicles | Turkey/United States | 65 | Armored personnel carriers | | | M-113 | United States | 2,815 | IAPC | United States/Turkey | 125 | BTR 60 | Russia | 300 | AWC | Turkey | 345 | Self-propelled guns and howitzers | | | 105mm: M-52A1 and M-108 | United States | 389 | 155mm: M-44 | -do- | 168 | 175mm: M-107 | -do- | 36 | 203mm: M-55 and M-110 | -do- | 228 | Towed artillery | | | 105mm: M-101A1 and others | -do- | 640 | 150mm: Skoda | Czechoslovakia | 161 | 155mm: M-114A1 and M-59 | United States | 613 | 203mm: M-115 | -do- | 162 | Mortars | | | 107mm: M-30, some self-propelled | -do- | 1,265 | 120mm: various | United States/Germany/France | 578 | 81mm: various, including self-propelled | -do- | 3,175 | Multiple rocket launchers | | | 227mm: MLRS | United States/Turkey | 12 | 107mm | United States | 23 | Antitank guided weapons | | | Milan | France | 392 | Cobra | Germany | 186 | TOW self-propelled | United States | 365 | Helicopters | | | Cobra AH-1W/P | -do- | 38 | S-70A Sikorsky | United States | 8 | AB-204 Agusta Bell | Italy | 14 | AB-205 Agusta Bell | -do- | 64 | AB-212 Agusta Bell | -do- | 2 | UH-1H Iroquois | United States | 96 | Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1994-1995, London, 1994, 66-67
24f.o.b.--free on board.
22.OECD--Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
18.Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.
13.Evren functioned as head of the National Security Council, or de facto chief of state, from September 1980 to November 1982.
Table 10. Imports by Commodity, 1987-92 (in millions of United States dollars) Commodity | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | Agricultural products and livestock | 782 | 499 | 1,041 | 1,323 | 813 | 1,184 | Mineral products | | | | | | | Oil | | | | | | | Crude oil | 2,711 | 2,434 | 2,456 | 3,817 | 2,794 | 2,894 | Oil products | 245 | 343 | 522 | 805 | 962 | 865 | Total oil | 2,956 | 2,777 | 2,980 | 4,622 | 3,756 | 3,759 | Other | 444 | 427 | 448 | 172 | 198 | 161 | Total mineral products | 3,400 | 3,204 | 3,426 | 4,794 | 3,954 | 3,920 | Processed and manufactured products | | | | | | | Processed agricultural products | 720 | 738 | 843 | 1,162 | 989 | 935 | Manufactured products | | | | | | | Chemicals | 1,685 | 1,781 | 1,710 | 2,451 | 2,463 | 2,624 | Rubber and plastics | 488 | 525 | 485 | 807 | 848 | 986 | Iron and steel | 1,537 | 1,655 | 2,217 | 1,932 | 2,009 | 2,118 | Non ferrous metals | 418 | 412 | 421 | 537 | 452 | 426 | Electrical appliances | 940 | 1,075 | 1,028 | 1,580 | 1,877 | 1,762 | Motor vehicles | 540 | 690 | 790 | 1,590 | 1,540 | 2,221 | Other machinery | 974 | 635 | 370 | 585 | 342 | 61 | Other industrial products | 2,799 | 3,121 | 3,461 | 5,541 | 5,760 | 6,635 | Total manufactured prod- ucts | 9,381 | 9,894 | 10,482 | 15,023 | 15,291 | 16,833 | Total processed and manufactured prod-ucts | 10,101 | 10,632 | 11,325 | 16,185 | 16,280 | 17,768 | TOTAL | 14,283 | 14,335 | 15,792 | 22,302 | 21,047 | 22,872 | Source: Based on information from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Economic Surveys: Turkey, 1995, Paris, 1995, 97; and Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: Turkey, 1994-95, London, 1994, 44.
19.For value of the Turkish lira--see Glossary.
23.EU--European Union.
Table 8. Energy Production, 1988-92 (in thousands of tons unless otherwise indicated) | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | Total coal (including lignite) | 11,530 | 12,940 | 12,550 | 11,880 | 12,210 | Crude petroleum | 2,564 | 2,876 | 3,720 | 4,537 | 4,584 | Main petroleum products | 19,265 | 17,789 | 18,563 | 18,409 | 18,811 | Electricity (in thousands of kilowatt hours) | 48 | 52 | 58 | 58 | 67 | Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: Turkey, 1994-1995, London, 1994, 28; and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 1991-1992, Paris, 1994, 170.
1.Date of beginning of reign is approximate.
20.SEEs--State Economic Enterprises.
8.DP--Demokrat Partisi (Democrat Party).
Table 6. Summary of Consolidated Budget, 1988-93 (in billions of Turkish lira) | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | Revenues | | | | | | | Tax revenues | 14,232 | 25,550 | 45,399 | 78,643 | 141,602 | 264,273 | Non-tax revenues | 3,355 | 5,819 | 11,174 | 18,104 | 32,622 | 87,119 | Total revenues | 17,587 | 31,369 | 56,573 | 96,747 | 174,224 | 351,392 | Expenditures | | | | | | | Current expenditures | 7,460 | 16,660 | 33,452 | 60,403 | 114,221 | 204,829 | Investments | 3,564 | 5,818 | 10,055 | 17,146 | 29,239 | 53,161 | Transfers to SEEs | 1,025 | 1,223 | 1,265 | 12,191 | 8,145 | 25,850 | Interest payments | 4,998 | 8,259 | 13,966 | 24,073 | 40,298 | 116,470 | Other transfers | 4,420 | 6,911 | 9,789 | 16,450 | 29,755 | 89,939 | Total expenditures | 21,447 | 38,871 | 68,527 | 130,263 | 221,658 | 485,249 | Budget balance | -3,860 | -7,502 | -11,954 | -33,516 | -47,434 | -133,857 | Deferred minus advanced payments | -81 | -639 | -400 | 90 | -12,005 | 7,754 | Cash balance | -3,941 | -8,141 | -12,354 | -33,426 | -59,439 | -126,103 | Long-term borrowing (net) | 2,609 | 5,578 | 7,983 | 4,200 | 19,446 | 51,197 | Short-term borrowing (net) | 1,064 | 1,452 | 2,263 | 23,509 | 41,372 | 75,251 | Other (including errors and omissions) | 268 | 1,111 | 2,108 | 5,717 | -1,379 | -345 | Table 7. Production of Major Agricultural Commodities, 1987-92 (in thousands of tons) Commodity | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | Cereals | | | | | | | Wheat | 18,932 | 20,500 | 16,200 | 20,000 | 20,400 | 19,318 | Barley | 6,900 | 7,500 | 4,500 | 7,300 | 7,800 | 6,900 | Corn | 2,600 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 2,100 | 2,100 | 2,100 | Rye | 385 | 280 | 191 | 240 | 250 | 225 | Oats | 325 | 276 | 216 | 270 | 255 | 250 | Rice | 165 | 158 | 181 | 230 | 200 | 215 | Total cereals | 29,307 | 30,714 | 23,288 | 30,140 | 31,005 | 29,008 | Industrial crops | | | | | | | Sugar beets | 12,717 | 11,534 | 10,929 | 13,986 | 15,097 | 14,800 | Cotton (lint) | 537 | 657 | 565 | 655 | 539 | 605 | Tobacco | 177 | 212 | 270 | 288 | 243 | 320 | Total industrial crops | 13,431 | 12,403 | 11,764 | 14,929 | 15,879 | 15,725 | Oilseeds | | | | | | | Sunflower seed | 1,100 | 1,150 | 1,250 | 860 | 800 | 950 | Cottonseed | 859 | 1,051 | 904 | 1,702 | 1,401 | 1,573 | Sesame seed | 43 | 45 | 37 | 39 | 43 | 34 | Total oilseeds | 2,002 | 2,246 | 2,191 | 2,601 | 2,244 | 2,557 | Vegetables, fruits, and nuts | | | | | | | Potatoes | 4,300 | 4,350 | 4,080 | 4,300 | 4,600 | 4,500 | Grapes | 3,300 | 3,350 | 3,430 | 3,500 | 3,600 | 3,460 | Oranges | 700 | 740 | 740 | 739 | 835 | 824 | Olives | 600 | 1,100 | 500 | 1,100 | 640 | 750 | Lemons | 340 | 360 | 335 | 357 | 429 | 420 | Hazelnuts (in shell) | 280 | 353 | 456 | 375 | 315 | 520 | Raisins | 105 | 129 | 138 | 135 | 130 | 120 | Dried figs | 45 | 50 | 50 | 45 | 45 | 35 | Olive oil | 100 | 90 | 72 | 110 | 96 | n.a. | Total vegetables, fruits, and nuts | 9,770 | 10,522 | 9,801 | 10,661 | 10,690 | 10,629 | n.a.--not available.
6.President of the Grand National Assembly.
Table 11. Major Trading Partners, 1988-95 Country | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | EXPORTS | | | | | | | OECD countries | | | | | | | EU countries | | | | | | | Britain | 576 | 616 | 744 | 676 | 796 | 835 | France | 499 | 595 | 737 | 689 | 809 | 771 | Germany | 2,178 | 2,196 | 3,076 | 3,413 | 3,660 | 3,654 | Italy | 955 | 978 | 1,106 | 972 | 943 | 750 | Other | 920 | 1,047 | 1,241 | 1,292 | 1,393 | 1,283 | Total EU | 5,128 | 5,432 | 6,904 | 7,042 | 7,601 | 7,293 | Japan | 209 | 233 | 239 | 226 | 162 | 158 | Switzerland | 265 | 174 | 293 | 246 | 223 | 216 | United States | 761 | 971 | 968 | 913 | 865 | 986 | Other OECD | 374 | 391 | 417 | 430 | 496 | 420 | Total OECD | 6,737 | 7,201 | 8,821 | 8,857 | 9,346 | 9,072 | Central and East European countries | 520 | 923 | 829 | 1,053 | 1,217 | 1,670 | Middle East and North Africa | | | | | | | Iran | 546 | 561 | 495 | 487 | 455 | 290 | Iraq | 986 | 445 | 215 | 122 | 212 | 160 | Other | 1,924 | 1,798 | 1,742 | 2,085 | 2,096 | 2,293 | Total Middle East and North Africa | 3,456 | 2,804 | 2,452 | 2,694 | 2,763 | 2,743 | Other | 949 | 699 | 855 | 989 | 1,388 | 1,863 | TOTAL EXPORTS | 11,662 | 11,627 | 12,957 | 13,593 | 14,715 | 15,349 | | | | | | | | IMPORTS | | | | | | | OECD countries | | | | | | | EU countries | | | | | | | Britain | 739 | 728 | 1,014 | 1,166 | 1,187 | 1,546 | France | 829 | 745 | 1,340 | 1,227 | 1,351 | 1,952 | Germany | 2,067 | 2,225 | 3,523 | 3,232 | 3,754 | 4,533 | Italy | 1,006 | 1,071 | 1,727 | 1,845 | 1,919 | 2,558 | Other | 1,267 | 1,307 | 1,750 | 1,753 | 1,838 | 2,361 | Total EU | 5,908 | 6,076 | 9,354 | 9,223 | 10,049 | 12,950 | Japan | 555 | 530 | 1,120 | 1,092 | 1,113 | 1,621 | Switzerland | 344 | 412 | 537 | 489 | 688 | 651 | United States | 1,520 | 2,094 | 2,282 | 2,255 | 2,601 | 3,351 | Other OECD | 924 | 822 | 958 | 1,013 | 972 | 1,402 | Total OECD | 9,251 | 9,934 | 14,251 | 14,072 | 15,423 | 19,975 | Central and East European coutnries | 857 | 1,124 | 1,947 | 1,875 | 2,094 | 3,253 | | | | | | | | Middle East and North Africa | | | | | | | Iran | 660 | 233 | 492 | 91 | 365 | 667 | Iraq | 1,441 | 1,650 | 1,047 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Other | 740 | 947 | 2,120 | 2,890 | 2,872 | 2,573 | Total Middle East and North Africa | 2,841 | 2,830 | 3,659 | 2,981 | 3,238 | 3,240 | Other | 1,391 | 1,902 | 2,445 | 2,119 | 2,116 | 2,961 | TOTAL IMPORTS | 14,340 | 15,790 | 22,302 | 21,047 | 22,871 | 29,429 | Source: Based on information from Organisation for Economic Co-opearation and Development, OECD Economic Surveys: Turkey, 1995, Paris, 1995, 99.
Source: Based on information from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Developmnent, OECD Economic Surveys: Turkey, 1995, Paris, 1995, 105.
16.Caretaker prime minister.
15.DYP--Dogru Yol Partisi (True Path Party).
2.The period 1403-13, during which the sons of Bayezid I contested succession to the sultanate, is cited as an interregnum by many sources. Other sources date the beginning of the reign of Mehmet I from 1403.
Table 15. Major Naval Equipment, 1994 Type and Description | Country of Origin | In Inventory | Destroyers | | | Gearing-class | United States | 8 | Carpenter-class | -do- | 2 | Sumner-class | -do- | 1 | Frigates | | | MEKO-200 with Sub Harpoon SSM | Germany | 4 | MEKO-200 | Turkey | 4 (on order) | Berk-class | -do- | 2 | Koln-class | Germany | 2 | Knox-class with Sub Harpoon SSM | United States | 8 | Submarines | | | Guppy-class | -do- | 7 | Type-209/1200 | Germany/Turkey | 6 | Type-209/1400 | Turkey | 2 | Tang-class | United States | 2 | Fast-attack craft | | | Dogan-class (Lurssen 57) with Harpoon SSM | Germany/Turkey | 8 | Kartal-class (Jaguar) with Penguin SSM | Germany | 8 | Yildiz-class | Turkey | 2 (on order) | Patrol craft | | | Coastal and inshore | United States/Germany/Turkey | 29 | Minelayers | United States/Denmark | 3 | Minesweepers | United States/France/Canada | 26 | Amphibious | | | Landing ships, tank | United States/Turkey | 7 | Landing craft, tank | Turkey | 35 | Landing craft, utility | -do- | 2 | Landing craft, mechanized | -do- | 22 | Naval Aviation | | | Agusta-Bell AB-212 ASW shipborne helicopters | Italy | 14 | Grumman ST-2E Tracker ASW search | United States | 14 | Source: Based on information from Jane's Fighting Ships, 1994-95, London, 1994, 704-22.
17.Projected.
Appendix. tablesSource: Based on information from The Dorling Kindersley World Reference Atlas, New York, 1994, 546
5.Sultanate abolished 1922; Abdülmecid II (brother of Mehmet VI) remained as caliph 1922-24.
Table 12. Summary of Balance of Payments, Selected Years, 1985-93 (in millions of United States dollars) | 1985 | 1987 | 1989 | 1991 | 1993 | Exports (f.o.b.) | 8,255 | 10,322 | 11,780 | 13,667 | 15,610 | Imports (f.o.b.) | -11,230 | -13,551 | 15,999 | 21,007 | 29,772 | Trade balance | -2,975 | -3,229 | -4,219 | -7,340 | -14,162 | Services | 22 | 33 | 1,622 | 2,499 | 4,014 | Private transfers (net) | 1,762 | 2,066 | 3,135 | 2,854 | 3,085 | Official transfers (net) | 222 | 324 | 423 | 2,245 | 73 | Current account balance | -969 | -806 | 961 | 258 | -6,990 | Private long-term capital (net) | 856 | 1,388 | 2,456 | 1,562 | 6,839 | Official long-term capital (net) | -594 | 453 | -1,092 | -939 | -930 | Capital account balance | 262 | 1,841 | 1,364 | 623 | 5,909 | Balance of payments | -707 | 1,035 | 2,325 | 881 | 1,081 | Change in reserves | -361 | 137 | 2,471 | -1,197 | 308 | Source: Based on information from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Economic Surveys: Turkey, 1995, Paris, 1995, 100.
Table 14. Major Air Force Equipment, 1994 Type and Description | Country of Origin | In Inventory | Fighter-bombers and fighter-ground attack | | | F-16C/D | United States/Turkey | 138 | F-5A/B | United States | 195 | F-4E | -do- | 152 | F-104G | Various NATO | 24 | Reconnaissance (armed) | | | RF-5A | United States | 20 | RF-4E | -do- | 26 | Transports | | | C-130E Hercules | -do- | 13 | C-160D Transall | Germany | 19 | CN-235 | Spain/Turkey | 52 | Helicopters | | | UH-1H Blackhawk utility | United States | 21 | Surface-to-air missile launchers | | | Nike-Hercules | -do- | 128 | Rapier | Britain | 24 | Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1994-1995, London, 1994, 68.
Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: Turkey, 1994-95, London, 1994, 24.
Table 5. Economically Active Population by Sector, Selected Years, 1970-93 (in thousands of workers over age fifteen) Sector | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 1993 | Agriculture, fishing, and forestry | 8,237 | 8,353 | 8,723 | 8,397 | Construction | 665 | 895 | 973 | 1,141 | Manufacturing | 1,343 | 2,057 | 2,553 | 2,693 | Mining | 156 | 188 | 202 | 131 | Trade and hotels | 886 | 1,429 | 2,093 | 2,338 | Transportation and communications | 417 | 612 | 808 | 898 | Other, including services | 1,330 | 2,168 | 3,012 | 3,104 | Total civilian employment | 13,034 | 15,702 | 18,364 | 18,702 | Unemployment | 871 | 1,376 | 1,590 | 1,530 | Unemployment rate (in percentages) | 6.3 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 7.6 | CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE | 13,905 | 17,078 | 19,954 | 20,232 | Source: Based on information from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Economic Surveys: Turkey, 1995, Paris, 1995, 9.
21.C.I.F.--Cost, insurance, and freight.
Table 9. Exports by Commodity, 1987-92 (in millions of United States dollars) | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | Agricultural products | | | | | | | Cereals | 266 | 441 | 315 | 342 | 287 | 419 | Hazelnuts | 391 | 359 | 266 | 456 | 366 | 291 | Other fruits and vegetables | 409 | 508 | 523 | 612 | 721 | 692 | Cotton | 20 | 141 | 160 | 191 | 193 | 46 | Tobacco | 314 | 266 | 480 | 419 | 564 | 309 | Other industral crops and forestry products | 97 | 289 | 53 | 57 | 284 | 268 | Live animals and sea products | 356 | 337 | 330 | 272 | 268 | 178 | Total agricultural products | 1,853 | 2,341 | 2,127 | 2,349 | 2,683 | 2,203 | Mineral products | 272 | 377 | 413 | 331 | 286 | 265 | Processed and manufactured products | | | | | | | Processed agricultural products | 954 | 885 | 918 | 940 | 1,212 | 1,337 | Textiles and clothing | 2,707 | 3,201 | 3,505 | 4,060 | 4,328 | 5,268 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Hides and leather | 722 | 514 | 604 | 747 | 620 | 568 | Chemicals | 527 | 734 | 774 | 616 | 464 | 491 | Petroleum products | 232 | 331 | 254 | 287 | 277 | 231 | Glass and ceramics | 205 | 233 | 258 | 329 | 359 | 395 | Iron and steel | 852 | 1,458 | 1,349 | 1,612 | 1,452 | 1,558 | Metal products and machinery | 788 | 383 | 219 | 230 | 265 | 398 | Electrical equipment and products | 293 | 294 | 234 | 438 | 533 | 591 | Other | 785 | 911 | 972 | 1,020 | 1,119 | 1,410 | Total processed and manufactured products | 8,065 | 8,944 | 9,087 | 10,279 | 10,629 | 12,247 | TOTAL | 10,190 | 11,662 | 11,627 | 12,959 | 13,598 | 14,715 | Source: Based on information from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Economic Surveys: Turkey, 1995, Paris, 1995, 96; and Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: Turkey, 1994-95, London, 1994, 43.
10.AP--Adalet Partisi (Justice Party).
11.Acting prime minister.
9.Interim government under Committee of National Unity.
3.Süleyman II in some sources.
7.CHP--Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican People's Party).
14.ANAP--Anavatan Partisi (Motherland Party).
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